How to deal with infusion reactions
Infusion is a common clinical treatment, but some patients may experience infusion reactions, which may even be life-threatening in severe cases. Understanding the common types, symptoms, and treatments of infusion reactions is crucial for both medical staff and patients. The following is a guide to handling infusion reactions that has been hotly debated on the Internet in the past 10 days. It is analyzed in detail for you based on structured data.
1. Common types and symptoms of infusion reactions
| reaction type | Main symptoms | High-risk groups |
|---|---|---|
| febrile reaction | Chills, high fever (38-41℃), headache | The elderly and those with low immune function |
| allergic reaction | Rash, itching, laryngeal edema, decreased blood pressure | Allergic patients |
| circulatory overload | Difficulty breathing, increased heart rate, pink frothy sputum | patients with cardiac insufficiency |
| Phlebitis | Redness, swelling, heat, pain, and cord-like induration at the puncture site | Long-term infusion patients |
2. Emergency handling procedures
1.Stop the infusion immediately: Keep the intravenous access and replace it with normal saline for maintenance.
2.Assess vital signs: Monitor key indicators such as blood pressure, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation.
3.Symptomatic medication:Choose a treatment plan based on the type of reaction:
| reaction type | drug of choice | Dosing method |
|---|---|---|
| febrile reaction | Dexamethasone 5-10mg | intravenous injection |
| allergic reaction | Epinephrine 0.3-0.5mg | intramuscular injection |
| circulatory overload | Furosemide 20-40mg | intravenous injection |
3. Preventive measures
1.Strict aseptic operation: Infusion equipment needs to be sterilized in a standardized manner and should be ready for use.
2.Pre-medication screening: Ask about allergy history in detail and do a skin test if necessary.
3.Control infusion speed: Special groups need to adjust the dripping rate:
| patient type | Recommended drip speed |
|---|---|
| average adult | 40-60 drops/minute |
| People with cardiac insufficiency | 20-30 drops/minute |
| elderly patients | 30-40 drops/minute |
4. Hot questions and answers
Q: Do I need to seek medical treatment if I have a slight rash after infusion?
A: Even if the symptoms are mild, it is recommended to seek medical treatment promptly, as allergic reactions may progress rapidly.
Q: How to prevent risks with home infusion?
A: It is necessary to ensure that: ① it is operated by a professional nurse ② emergency medicines are prepared ③ family members accompany the whole process.
5. Latest research data
| Statistics Project | data | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of infusion reactions | 0.5%-3.2% | 2024 "Clinical Infusion Safety White Paper" |
| Severe allergic reactions | 12.7% | National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center |
Reminder: This article is for reference only. Please follow your doctor’s advice for specific treatment. If an infusion reaction occurs, please contact medical staff immediately to avoid delayed treatment by yourself.
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